ASTM A193 Stud Bolts specification covers alloy steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Material for Pressure Vessels, Valves, Flanges, and fittings for High Temperature or High Pressure Service, or other Special Purpose Applications. Several grades are covered, including Ferritic Steels and Austenitic Stainless Steels designated B5, B8,B8M and so forth. Selection will depend upon design, service conditions, Mechanical Properties, and High Temperature Characteristics.
Grade B16 stud bolt are used in high temperature & high pressure environment. These ASTM A193 Stud Bolts are very similar to Grade B7 Stud bolts but the alloy contains an additional element called Vanadium. Vanadium brings to the alloy high strength and heat resistance which is very critical to Grade B16 as these are used in very high temperature environment.Grade B16 stud bolts can with stand temperatures up to 537 degree Celsius.Recommended Hex nuts for ASTM A193 B16 stud bolt are Grade 4 or Grade 7 nuts.Grade 4 nuts are slowly being substituted with Grade 7 nuts.Grade 7 nuts have chromium in it which gives it high strength and increases its corrosion resistance.Grade B16 stud bolts are generally used with ASTM A283 or GrF11,F22 flanges.Brand Name Under which We Produce Stud Bolts Are Indana Stud Bolts, Indana Fasteners, JJ Stud Bolts, JJ Fasteners & RF Stud Bolts
Savoy Piping Inc. stocks ASTM A193 Stud Bolts from 3/8” - 4” diameter in Imperial Sizes: Plain (black) finish, Teflon Blue, and Cadium Plating. We also stocks B8 and B8M stud bolts. We can also provide larger stud bolts, stud bolts made from different materials (B8, B8M, Alloy 20, Monel, Hastelloy, Inconel, Titanium, etc), as well as different coatings. While many of the larger diameter items can be made available for a next-day delivery, some of the special alloys and coatings may be subject to a longer lead time.
| ASTM A193 B7 | Alloy steel, AISI 4140 or 4142, quenched and tempered |
| ASTM A193 B6 | Stainless steel, AISI 410, heat treated |
| ASTM A193 B8 | Class 1 Stainless steel, AISI 304, carbide solution treated. |
| ASTM A193 B8M | Class 1 Stainless steel, AISI 316, carbide solution treated. |
| ASTM A193 B8 Class 2 | Stainless steel, AISI 304, carbide solution treated, strain hardened |
| ASTM A193 B8M Class 2 | Stainless steel, AISI 316, carbide solution treated, strain hardened |
| ASTM A193 B8T | Class 1 or 2 Stainless steel, AISI 321, with additional element of Titanium |
| ASTM A193 B16 | Chromium-Molybdenum-Vanadium, similar to B7 with Vandium added |
| ASTM A193 B7M | Similar properties as B7 but with specialized heat treating to create differing mechanical properties |
| ASTM A193 B8R | Stainless steel, AISI 209, also known as Nitronic 50, nitrogen strengthened |
| ASTM A193 B8S | Stainless Steel, AISI 218, also known as Nitronic 60, nirtrogen strengthened |
See Also: ASTM A193 at ASTM.org.
There are several grades within the A193 specification. Each grade possesses unique chemical requirements, strength requirements, testing requirements, and applications. This website summarizes the similarities and differences between many of the grades. For more specific information, please refer to the actual ASTM A193 specification which can be purchased directly from ASTM International.
Grade B7
ASTM A193 Grade B7 bolts and threaded studs are manufactured from a chromium-molybdenum steel and are quenched and tempered (heat treated) to develop the desired mechanical properties (strength). Grade B7 is the most common grade of A193 bolts used in construction. B7 threaded studs and short, headed bolts are readily available in the marketplace. Grade B7 bolts are commonly used in pipe flange connections. These bolts are typically bought and sold in a plain, bare metal finish but are often hot-dip galvanized, zinc plated, Xylan coated, PTFE coated, or otherwise coated for corrosion resistance. Note that coated bolts may not be able to withstand the high temperatures that uncoated B7 bolts can be subjected to.
Grade B8
ASTM A193 Grade B8 Class 1 bolts and threaded studs are manufactured from AISI 304 stainless steel. Type 304 is the most common grade of stainless steel used in the fastener industry. Fasteners manufactured using this austenitic stainless steel require carbide solution treatment on bars to be threaded or after the heading operation for bolts with forged heads. Carbide solution treatment, also referred to as solution annealing, is a process in which fasteners or stainless bars are heated and then water-quenched to assure maximum corrosion resistance. A193 Grade B8 Class 2 bolts are strain hardened after carbide solution treatment to achieve increased strength characteristics and reduce the potential for galling. Class 2 bolts are marked “B8SH” with the grade symbol underlined.
Grade B8M
ASTM A193 Grade B8M Class 1 fasteners are similar to Grade B8 but instead are manufactured from AISI 316 stainless steel as opposed to AISI 304 stainless steel. Type 316 stainless offers superior corrosion resistance to type 304 stainless due to the added molybdenum. Grade B8M Class 1 fasteners require carbide solution treatment, while Class 2 fasteners require an additional strain hardening operation which increases the strength and reduces the susceptibility to galling. Class 2 fasteners are marked “B8MSH” with the grade symbol underlined.
Grade B7M
ASTM A193 Grade B7M bolts and studs are identical in chemistry to Grade B7 (quenched and tempered medium carbon alloy steel), but have lower strength requirements and require 100% hardness testing of all fasteners manufactured in the lot. Grade B7M bolts resist chloride, sulfide, and hydrogen stress corrosion cracking (SCC) and are frequently used in sour gas service.
Grade B16
ASTM A193 Grade B16 bolts and threaded studs are manufactured from a chromium-molybdenum-vanadium alloy steel. Although A193 Grade B16 bolts and studs have similar strength requirements as Grade B7, the vanadium and higher tempering temperature helps the fasteners retain their molecular structure and strength under higher ambient temperatures than Grade B7. Grade B16 bolts and studs are used in the power and petrochemical industries on boilers, turbines, and other pressurized equipment with elevated temperatures. Unlike the stainless steel grades within the A193 specification, Grade B16 has no corrosion-resistant properties unless they are coated.
Grade B5
ASTM A193 Grade B5 bolts and threaded studs are manufactured from AISI 501 stainless steel which has been quenched and tempered to increase strength. These bolts and studs are often used in high temperature flanged connections in highly corrosive environments.
Grade B6
ASTM A193 Grade B6 bolts and threaded rods are manufactured from AISI 410 stainless steel which has been quenched and tempered to increase strength. Because these bolts are manufactured from stainless steel, they are used in highly corrosive environments with elevated ambient temperatures.
Grade Variations
Grade variations of the A193 specification which are rarely used and therefore not addressed on this site include: B6X, B8A, B8C, B8CA, B8MA, B8M2, B8M3, B8P, B8PA, B8N, B8NA, B8MN, B8MNA, B8MLCuN, B8MLCuNA, B8r, B8RA, B8S, B8SA, B8LN, B8LNA, B8MLN, B8MLNA, B8CLN, B8CLNA, B8T, and B8TA.
| Grade | Description | Diameter | Tensile Strength, min. | Yield Strength, min. | Hardness, max. | Marking |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ASTM A193 B6 | S41000 (410) | Up to 4” | 110 | 85 | B6 | |
| ASTM A193 B7 | Chromium-Molybdenum | 2 1/2” and under | 125 | 105 | 321 HB or 35 HRC | B7 |
| over 2 1/2” to 4” | 115 | 95 | 321 HB or 35 HRC | |||
| over 4” to 7” | 100 | 75 | 321 HB or 35 HRC | |||
| ASTM A193 B7M | Chromium-Molybdenum | 4” and under | 100 | 80 | 235 HB or 99 HRB | B7M |
| over 4” to 7” | 100 | 75 | 235 HB or 99 HRB | |||
| ASTM A193 B16 | Chromium-Molybdenum- Vanadium | 2 1/2” and under | 125 | 105 | 321 HB or 35 HRC | B16 |
| over 2 1/2” to 4” | 110 | 95 | 321 HB or 35 HRC | |||
| over 4” to 8” | 100 | 85 | 321 HB or 35 HRC | |||
| ASTM A193 B8 class 1 | S30400 (304) | all | 75 | 30 | 223 HB or 96 HRB | B8 |
| ASTM A193 B8 class 2 | S30400 (304) | 3/4” and under | 125 | 100 | 321 HB or 35 HRC | B8SH |
| over 3/4” to 1” | 115 | 80 | 321 HB or 35 HRC | |||
| over 1” to 1 1/4” | 105 | 65 | 321 HB or 35 HRC | |||
| over 1 1/4” to 1 1/2” | 100 | 50 | 321 HB or 35 HRC | |||
| ASTM A193 B8C class 1 | S34700 (347) | all | 75 | 30 | 223 HB or 96 HRB | B8C |
| ASTM A193 B8C class 2 | S34700 (347) | 3/4” and under | 125 | 100 | 321 HB or 35 HRC | B8CSH |
| over 3/4” to 1” | 115 | 80 | 321 HB or 35 HRC | |||
| over 1” to 1 1/4” | 105 | 65 | 321 HB or 35 HRC | |||
| over 1 1/4” to 1 1/2” | 100 | 50 | 321 HB or 35 HRC | |||
| ASTM A193 B8M class 1 | S31600 (316) | all | 75 | 30 | 223 HB or 96 HRB | B8M |
| ASTM A193 B8M class 2 | S31600 (316) | 3/4” and under | 110 | 95 | 321 HB or 35 HRC | B8MSH |
| over 3/4” to 1” | 100 | 80 | 321 HB or 35 HRC | |||
| over 1” to 1 1/4” | 95 | 65 | 321 HB or 35 HRC | |||
| over 1 1/4” to 1 1/2” | 90 | 50 | 321 HB or 35 HRC | |||
| ASTM A193 B8T class 1 | S32100 (321) | all | 75 | 30 | 223 HB or 96 HRB | B8T |
| ASTM A193 B8T class 2 | S32100 (321) | 3/4” and under | 125 | 100 | 321 HB or 35 HRC | B8TSH |
| over 3/4” to 1” | 115 | 80 | 321 HB or 35 HRC | |||
| over 1” to 1 1/4” | 105 | 65 | 321 HB or 35 HRC | |||
| over 1 1/4” to 1 1/2” | 100 | 50 | 321 HB or 35 HRC | |||
| ASTM A193 B8R | S20910 | all | 100 | 55 | 271 HB or 28 HRC | B8R |
| ASTM A193 B8S | S21800 | all | 95 | 50 | 271 HB or 28 HRC | B8S |
| ASTM A193 Stud Bolts Size Range | 3/8" to 4" Diameter (Imperial & Standard) . |
| ASTM A193 Stud Bolts Types | All Thread, Double End, Single End |
| ASTM A193 Stud Bolts Industry Standards | ANSI – American National Standards Institute: ANSI B 18.2.4 2M, ANSI B 28.2.4 1M DIN: DIN 934, DIN 970 UTS – Unified Thread Standard: UNC, UNF, UNEF, UNS, NPT, NPTF ISO – International Organization for Standardization: ISO 4032, ISO 4033 |
| ASTM A193 Stud Bolts Specification | ASTM A193 / ASME SA193 |
| ASTM A193 Stud Bolts Grades | Carbon Steel: B7, B7M, L7 Stainless Steel:B8, B8 CL2, B8M, B8M CL2, B16 Exotic Alloys: A20, 17-4PH, Monel, Inconel, Incoloy, Hastelloy |
| ASTM A193 Stud Bolts Surface Coating | |
| ASTM A193 Stud Bolts Packaging | Cartoon Box / Wooden Pallet / Wooden Box / Thread Protector |
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